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The Civil Rights Act of 1866 is a significant piece of legislation in U.S. history that specifically addresses issues of race discrimination. It was enacted to protect the rights of newly freed African Americans, ensuring they had equal rights to make contracts, sue, and enjoy all benefits of citizenship. The primary focus of the Act is on prohibiting discrimination based on race, which distinguishes it from other civil rights laws that may address additional categories such as gender, religion, or age.

The historical context surrounding the Civil Rights Act of 1866 reinforces this focus on race, as it was part of the broader Reconstruction efforts to integrate formerly enslaved individuals into society. This intent shapes the discussions and legal complaints born out of violations of the Act, which typically center on racial discrimination in various contexts, especially relating to housing and employment. Thus, the grounds for complaints under this Act are predominantly race-related, making it the correct choice in this scenario.